Biology Review for Test 1
1. Define the word biology.
2. What are the 7 general characteristics of life?
3. What is a gene?
4. Define Natural selection.
5. Define cell.
6. Define Tissue.
7. Define organ
8. Define organ system.
9. Define organism.
10. Define species.
11. Define population.
12. Define community.
13. Define ecosystem.
14. Define biosphere
15. Define producers, consumers and decomposers and
give an example of each.
16. What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and
eukaryotic cell.
17. What are the five kingdoms and give an example of
each.
18. Define algae, viruses and prions. Are they alive or
not?
19. What are the steps of the scientific method.
20. What is a placebo?
21. What is matter?
22. What is the definition of an element?
23. Define an atom and what is it made up of ?
24. How do you find or calculate the protons, neutrons and
electrons? Be able to make a drawing.
25. What are isotopes?
26. What are radioactive isotopes?
27. Define half-life.
28. Where will you find protons, neutrons and electrons?
29. How many electrons will fit on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd
shells?
30. What are ions and what are they broken down into?
31. What is the difference between a molecule and a
compound?
32. What is an ionic bond and give an example?
33. What is a nonpolar covalent bond and a polar bond
and give an example?
34. What are hydrogen bonds?
35. What is the solvent and solute?
36. What is a solution and a suspension?
37. What is cohesion?
38. What is surface tension?
39. What is pH and what determines if it is an acid or a
base?
40. Does adding pure water dilute an acid?
41. What is acid rain?
42. What are inorganic compounds and what is an
example?
43. What are organic compounds and what is an example?
44. Name and define the different functional groups. There
are 5.
45. What is a polymer and a monomer?
46. What is dehydration reaction?
47. What is hydrolysis?
48. Be able to define and give an example of:
carbohydrates, monosaccharide, disaccharide, glycosidic
linkage, polysaccharide, glycogen, starch, cellulose, chitin,
lipids, fat, triglycerides, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated
fatty acids, and phospholipids.
49. Define hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
50. What are steroids and proteins.
51. What is a peptide bond?
52. Define dipeptide, tripeptide, and polypeptide.
53. Define denaturation.
54. Define nucleic acids, nucleotide, DNA, RNA and ATP.
55. Define the cell membrane.
56. What is the function of cholesterol and integral proteins
in the cell (plasma) membrane?
57. What is the difference between peripheral proteins,
transport proteins, receptor proteins and recognition
proteins?
58. What does it mean to be selectively permeable?
59. How are large uncharged molecules passed through
the plasma membrane?
60. What is simple diffusion?
61. What are the 5 things that the rate of diffusion
depends on?
62. What is facilitated diffusion?
63. What is osmosis?
64. Know the three types of concentrations. Isotonic,
hypertonic, hypotonic.
65. What is hemolysis?
66. What is crenation?
67. What is active transport?
68. Define exocytosis, endocytosis, receptor-mediated
endocytosis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
69. What is cell walls and plasmodesmata?
70. What is cellular respiration?
71. What is energy?
72. Define potential energy, kinetic energy and chemical
energy. Be able to give an example of each.
73. What is the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics?
74. What is entropy?
75. What is exergonic and endergonic?
76. Define metabolism, catabolism, and anabolism.
77. What do enzymes do?
78. What is an enzyme made up of?
79. What is the energy of activation?
80. What things can change the way an enzyme works?
81. What is a coenzyme?
82. What is a cofactor?
83. Define competitive inhibition.
84. What keeps PABA from being converted into folic
acid?
85. What is irreversible inhibition?
86. What do enzyme names end in? Be able to give an
example of an enzyme.
1. Define the word biology.
2. What are the 7 general characteristics of life?
3. What is a gene?
4. Define Natural selection.
5. Define cell.
6. Define Tissue.
7. Define organ
8. Define organ system.
9. Define organism.
10. Define species.
11. Define population.
12. Define community.
13. Define ecosystem.
14. Define biosphere
15. Define producers, consumers and decomposers and
give an example of each.
16. What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and
eukaryotic cell.
17. What are the five kingdoms and give an example of
each.
18. Define algae, viruses and prions. Are they alive or
not?
19. What are the steps of the scientific method.
20. What is a placebo?
21. What is matter?
22. What is the definition of an element?
23. Define an atom and what is it made up of ?
24. How do you find or calculate the protons, neutrons and
electrons? Be able to make a drawing.
25. What are isotopes?
26. What are radioactive isotopes?
27. Define half-life.
28. Where will you find protons, neutrons and electrons?
29. How many electrons will fit on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd
shells?
30. What are ions and what are they broken down into?
31. What is the difference between a molecule and a
compound?
32. What is an ionic bond and give an example?
33. What is a nonpolar covalent bond and a polar bond
and give an example?
34. What are hydrogen bonds?
35. What is the solvent and solute?
36. What is a solution and a suspension?
37. What is cohesion?
38. What is surface tension?
39. What is pH and what determines if it is an acid or a
base?
40. Does adding pure water dilute an acid?
41. What is acid rain?
42. What are inorganic compounds and what is an
example?
43. What are organic compounds and what is an example?
44. Name and define the different functional groups. There
are 5.
45. What is a polymer and a monomer?
46. What is dehydration reaction?
47. What is hydrolysis?
48. Be able to define and give an example of:
carbohydrates, monosaccharide, disaccharide, glycosidic
linkage, polysaccharide, glycogen, starch, cellulose, chitin,
lipids, fat, triglycerides, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated
fatty acids, and phospholipids.
49. Define hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
50. What are steroids and proteins.
51. What is a peptide bond?
52. Define dipeptide, tripeptide, and polypeptide.
53. Define denaturation.
54. Define nucleic acids, nucleotide, DNA, RNA and ATP.
55. Define the cell membrane.
56. What is the function of cholesterol and integral proteins
in the cell (plasma) membrane?
57. What is the difference between peripheral proteins,
transport proteins, receptor proteins and recognition
proteins?
58. What does it mean to be selectively permeable?
59. How are large uncharged molecules passed through
the plasma membrane?
60. What is simple diffusion?
61. What are the 5 things that the rate of diffusion
depends on?
62. What is facilitated diffusion?
63. What is osmosis?
64. Know the three types of concentrations. Isotonic,
hypertonic, hypotonic.
65. What is hemolysis?
66. What is crenation?
67. What is active transport?
68. Define exocytosis, endocytosis, receptor-mediated
endocytosis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
69. What is cell walls and plasmodesmata?
70. What is cellular respiration?
71. What is energy?
72. Define potential energy, kinetic energy and chemical
energy. Be able to give an example of each.
73. What is the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics?
74. What is entropy?
75. What is exergonic and endergonic?
76. Define metabolism, catabolism, and anabolism.
77. What do enzymes do?
78. What is an enzyme made up of?
79. What is the energy of activation?
80. What things can change the way an enzyme works?
81. What is a coenzyme?
82. What is a cofactor?
83. Define competitive inhibition.
84. What keeps PABA from being converted into folic
acid?
85. What is irreversible inhibition?
86. What do enzyme names end in? Be able to give an
example of an enzyme.
Biology Review for Test 1